On Grid

FAQ about on grid solar systems

What is an on grid solar system?

On-grid solar power systems, also known as grid-tied or grid-connected solar power systems, are solar energy systems that are connected to the electrical grid. They generate electricity from sunlight using solar panels, and the electricity is fed into the grid, which can be used to power homes, businesses, or other electrical loads. Here are some key points about on-grid solar power systems:

1. Solar panels: On-grid solar power systems use solar panels to capture sunlight and convert it into electricity. The panels are typically mounted on rooftops or ground-mounted in areas with ample sunlight. The number of panels needed depends on the electricity consumption of the property and the available roof or ground space for installation.
2. Inverter: An inverter is a critical component of an on-grid solar power system. It converts the direct current (DC) electricity generated by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity that is compatible with the electrical grid. The inverter also monitors the grid and ensures that the solar power system is synchronized with the grid.
3. Grid connection: On-grid solar power systems are connected to the electrical grid, allowing excess electricity generated by the solar panels to be fed back into the grid. When the solar panels produce more electricity than is being consumed on-site, the excess electricity is fed back into the grid, and the property owner may receive credit or compensation for the excess electricity through a process called net metering or feed-in tariffs, depending on the local regulations.
4. Benefits: On-grid solar power systems offer several benefits. Firstly, they allow property owners to offset their electricity consumption with clean, renewable solar energy, reducing their reliance on fossil fuels and lowering their carbon footprint. Secondly, they can generate savings on electricity bills by offsetting the need to purchase electricity from the grid, especially during times of peak sunlight. Lastly, on-grid solar power systems can provide a potential source of income through net metering or feed-in tariffs, as excess electricity can be fed back into the grid and compensated for.
5. Limitations: One limitation of on-grid solar power systems is that they typically do not provide power during a grid outage. This is because, for safety reasons, grid-tied solar power systems are designed to shut down during a power outage to prevent backfeeding electricity into the grid and endangering utility workers. However, some on-grid solar power systems can be equipped with battery storage systems to provide backup power during outages.
6. Installation and maintenance: Installation of an on-grid solar power system usually requires professional expertise, including assessing the property’s solar potential, designing the system, obtaining necessary permits, and installing the solar panels and inverter. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning the solar panels and checking the inverter, may be needed to ensure optimal performance and efficiency.
7. Regulations: Regulations for on-grid solar power systems vary by region and country. Some areas may have specific requirements for grid connection, metering, and compensation for excess electricity fed back into the grid. It’s important to research and comply with local regulations when installing and operating an on-grid solar power system.

In conclusion, on-grid solar power systems are a popular and effective way to generate clean, renewable electricity for homes and businesses. They offer benefits such as reduced reliance on fossil fuels, potential cost savings, and potential income generation. However, they also have limitations and are subject to local regulations, so careful planning, installation, and compliance with local requirements are important considerations for anyone considering an on-grid solar power system.

What is an on-grid inverter?

On-grid string inverters are a type of inverter used in grid-tied solar power systems. They are responsible for converting the direct current (DC) electricity generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity that can be fed into the electrical grid. Here are some key points about on-grid string inverters:

1. String inverter design: String inverters are designed to handle multiple strings of solar panels, which are typically connected in series to form an array. Each string of solar panels generates DC electricity, which is then combined by the inverter and converted into AC electricity for feeding into the grid. String inverters are usually installed near the solar panels, either on the rooftop or on the ground.
2. Efficiency and power rating: The efficiency of a string inverter refers to the percentage of DC electricity converted into AC electricity. Higher efficiency inverters generally result in higher electricity production. The power rating of a string inverter is the maximum amount of AC power it can handle, and it should be chosen based on the total capacity of the solar panel array. String inverters are available in a range of power ratings to accommodate different system sizes.
3. MPPT tracking: Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a feature of string inverters that allows them to optimize the power output of the solar panels. MPPT tracking ensures that the inverter operates at the maximum power point of the solar panels, which can vary depending on factors such as temperature, shading, and panel degradation. This helps to maximize the electricity production of the solar power system.
4. Grid synchronization and safety features: On-grid string inverters are designed to synchronize with the electrical grid, meaning that they match the frequency and voltage of the grid to ensure safe and efficient operation. They also typically have safety features such as anti-islanding protection, which shuts down the inverter in case of a grid outage to prevent backfeeding of electricity into the grid and protect utility workers.
5. Monitoring and communication: Many string inverters come with built-in monitoring capabilities, allowing the system owner to monitor the performance and output of the solar power system. Some inverters also have communication interfaces, such as Wi-Fi or Ethernet, that enable remote monitoring and data logging for system performance analysis.
6. Installation and maintenance: Installation of a string inverter typically requires professional expertise, including electrical work and proper sizing and configuration of the solar panel strings. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning and inspection, may be needed to ensure optimal performance and efficiency. Some inverters also have replaceable parts, such as fan or capacitors, that may need to be replaced over time.
7. Cost considerations: The cost of a string inverter is one of the factors to consider when installing a grid-tied solar power system. String inverters are generally less expensive compared to other types of inverters, such as microinverters or power optimizers, but they may require additional equipment such as combiner boxes and DC disconnects for proper installation. It’s important to consider the overall system cost, including the inverter, when planning a solar power system.

In conclusion, on-grid string inverters are a common type of inverter used in grid-tied solar power systems. They are responsible for converting the DC electricity generated by solar panels into AC electricity for feeding into the electrical grid. They come with various features such as MPPT tracking, grid synchronization, and monitoring capabilities, and require professional installation and regular maintenance. Cost considerations should also be taken into account when planning a solar power system with on-grid string inverters.

Learn about the grid tie solar pv installation cost benchmark data from NREL or read posts on our Solar Blog.

Do I need a license to install an on-grid solar system?

The answer to this question depends on your location and the specific regulations in your area. In many places, installing an on-grid solar system requires a licensed professional to perform the installation. This is because the installation involves electrical work and may require permits and inspections to ensure safety and compliance with local building codes and regulations.

In some areas, homeowners may be allowed to install solar systems on their own, but they may need to obtain permits and inspections from the local authority having jurisdiction. It’s important to check with your local building department or other relevant authorities to find out the specific requirements in your area.

In general, it’s recommended to hire a licensed and experienced solar contractor to install your solar system. They will have the knowledge and expertise to ensure the system is installed safely and in compliance with all regulations. They can also provide guidance on system sizing, equipment selection, and other factors to optimize the performance and efficiency of your solar system.

What the efficiency of an on-grid solar system?

The efficiency of an on-grid solar system can depend on several factors, including the quality of the solar panels, the efficiency of the inverter, and the installation and orientation of the panels. Here are some key points related to the efficiency of on-grid solar systems:

1. Solar panel efficiency: The efficiency of solar panels refers to the percentage of sunlight that they can convert into electricity. High-efficiency solar panels can produce more electricity per unit area compared to lower efficiency panels. The efficiency of solar panels can vary depending on the technology used, such as monocrystalline or polycrystalline, and other factors such as shading and temperature.
2. Inverter efficiency: On-grid solar systems use inverters to convert the DC electricity generated by solar panels into AC electricity for feeding into the electrical grid. The efficiency of the inverter can affect the overall efficiency of the system. Higher efficiency inverters can convert more DC electricity into AC electricity, resulting in higher electricity production.
3. System design and installation: The design and installation of the solar system can also affect its efficiency. Factors such as panel orientation, shading, and wiring design can impact the system’s output. Proper installation and regular maintenance can ensure that the system operates at maximum efficiency.
4. Climate and location: The climate and location of the solar system can affect its efficiency. Areas with high levels of sunlight and low humidity tend to be more conducive to solar energy production. In addition, the latitude and altitude of the location can affect the angle and orientation of the solar panels, which can impact their efficiency.

Overall, on-grid solar systems can be highly efficient if properly designed, installed, and maintained. The efficiency of the system can depend on various factors, including the quality of the solar panels, the efficiency of the inverter, the design and installation of the system, and the climate and location of the system. A professional solar contractor can provide guidance on system design and equipment selection to maximize the efficiency of your solar system.